systemic-game-design-course/course/09-turn-pipeline/reference/ts/src/engine/puzzle/parse.ts

// The parser: words on the grid become rules.
//
// Grammar (Module 7): `NOUN [AND NOUN]* IS [NOT] (NOUN|PROPERTY) [AND [NOT] (NOUN|PROPERTY)]*`,
// read left to right in a row and top to bottom in a column. The parser starts at
// every `IS`, collects the subjects before it and the complements after it, and
// emits one rule per pair: AND distributes over both sides. A tile holding several
// words contributes each of them, so stacked text yields every possible rule.
//
// `NOT` before a complement negates that one complement. `NOT` before a subject is
// not in the grammar: the run of subjects stops there and that subject is dropped.
//
// The parser only reads; which rules win is the resolution pass (`resolve`).

import type { Board, ObjectId } from "./grid";
import { AND, IS, lex, NOT, TEXT, tileKey, type Lexicon, type Role, type Token } from "./word";

/**
 * One rule: `subject IS complement`, or `subject IS NOT complement` when `negated`.
 * `text` is the text objects that spell it (subject, `IS`, `NOT` if any,
 * complement), or empty for a base rule.
 */
export interface Rule {
  subject: string;
  complement: string;
  complementRole: Role;
  negated: boolean;
  text: ObjectId[];
}

/** The normalised form: `"TEXT IS PUSH"`, `"TEXT IS NOT PUSH"`. */
export const ruleText = (r: Rule): string => `${r.subject} ${IS}${r.negated ? ` ${NOT}` : ""} ${r.complement}`;

/** `X IS Y` where `Y` is a noun: every X is to become a Y. */
export const isConversion = (r: Rule): boolean => r.complementRole === "noun";

/** `X IS X` (or `X IS NOT X`). */
export const isIdentity = (r: Rule): boolean => r.subject === r.complement;

/** Same subject and complement, opposite sign: `X IS NOT Y` negates `X IS Y`. */
export const negates = (n: Rule, r: Rule): boolean =>
  n.negated && !r.negated && n.subject === r.subject && n.complement === r.complement;

/** Rules in force with no text: the game's base rules (`[subject, property]`). */
export const BASE_RULES: readonly (readonly [string, string])[] = [[TEXT, "PUSH"]];

type Tiles = Map<string, Token[]>;
type Pos = readonly [number, number];

/** A word in a run, with the `NOT` in front of it if there is one. */
interface Word {
  not?: Token;
  token: Token;
}

/**
 * Every rule the board spells, base rules first, negated rules included. A rule
 * spelled by two different sets of text objects appears twice.
 */
export function parse(board: Board, lexicon: Lexicon): Rule[] {
  const tiles = lex(board, lexicon);
  const rules: Rule[] = BASE_RULES.map(([subject, property]) => ({
    subject,
    complement: property,
    complementRole: "property",
    negated: false,
    text: [],
  }));
  for (const o of board.objects()) {
    if (o.kind.type !== "text" || o.kind.word !== IS) continue;
    for (const [dx, dy] of [
      [1, 0],
      [0, 1],
    ] as const) {
      const ss = subjects(tiles, [o.x - dx, o.y - dy], [-dx, -dy]);
      const cs = complements(tiles, [o.x + dx, o.y + dy], [dx, dy]);
      for (const s of ss) {
        for (const c of cs) {
          rules.push({
            subject: s.word,
            complement: c.token.word,
            complementRole: c.token.role,
            negated: c.not !== undefined,
            text: c.not ? [s.id, o.id, c.not.id, c.token.id] : [s.id, o.id, c.token.id],
          });
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return rules;
}

const wordsAt = (tiles: Tiles, [x, y]: Pos): Token[] => tiles.get(tileKey(x, y)) ?? [];
const holds = (tiles: Tiles, p: Pos, word: string): boolean => wordsAt(tiles, p).some((t) => t.word === word);
const ahead = ([x, y]: Pos, [dx, dy]: Pos): Pos => [x + dx, y + dy];

/**
 * The run of subjects before an `IS`, walking backwards from `at`: the nouns at
 * `at`, then, if the tile before them holds an AND, the run beyond it. A `NOT`
 * before a noun ends the run without it (a negated subject is not in the grammar).
 */
function subjects(tiles: Tiles, at: Pos, step: Pos): Token[] {
  const before = ahead(at, step);
  if (holds(tiles, before, NOT)) return [];
  const found = wordsAt(tiles, at).filter((t) => t.role === "noun");
  if (found.length > 0 && holds(tiles, before, AND)) found.push(...subjects(tiles, ahead(before, step), step));
  return found;
}

/**
 * The run of complements after an `IS`, walking forwards from `at`: the nouns
 * and properties at `at`, or, if `at` holds a `NOT`, those on the tile after it,
 * negated; then, if the next tile holds an AND, the run beyond it.
 */
function complements(tiles: Tiles, at: Pos, step: Pos): Word[] {
  const fits = (t: Token) => t.role === "noun" || t.role === "property";
  const found: Word[] = [];
  // Plain words here, and negated words one tile on: a stack may hold both.
  const branches: [Token | undefined, Pos][] = [[undefined, at]];
  for (const not of wordsAt(tiles, at).filter((t) => t.word === NOT)) branches.push([not, ahead(at, step)]);
  for (const [not, p] of branches) {
    const words = wordsAt(tiles, p)
      .filter(fits)
      .map((token) => ({ not, token }));
    if (words.length === 0) continue;
    found.push(...words);
    const andAt = ahead(p, step);
    if (holds(tiles, andAt, AND)) found.push(...complements(tiles, ahead(andAt, step), step));
  }
  return found;
}