docs: add design spec and implementation plan for MCP server assembly

This commit is contained in:
Lucas Winther
2026-09-06 18:40:47 +02:00
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# MCP Stdio Server Assembly & Integration Implementation Plan
> **For agentic workers:** REQUIRED SUB-SKILL: Use superpowers:subagent-driven-development (recommended) or superpowers:executing-plans to implement this plan task-by-task. Steps use checkbox (`- [ ]`) syntax for tracking.
**Goal:** Assemble the OpenProject MCP server with `StdioServerTransport`, scoped request context execution, read-only mode enforcement, and end-to-end client verification.
**Architecture:** A modular server factory (`src/server.ts`) initializes `McpServer` and `OpenProjectClient`, registers all 10 tools with execution wrappers running inside `runWithContext`, connects to `StdioServerTransport` in CLI entrypoint (`src/index.ts`), and redirects all diagnostics to `stderr`.
**Tech Stack:** Bun, TypeScript, `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk` (McpServer, StdioServerTransport, InMemoryTransport, Client), Zod, `bun:test`.
**Spec:** [docs/specs/2026-09-06-mcp-server-design.md](file:///home/user/openproject-mcp/docs/specs/2026-09-06-mcp-server-design.md)
## Global Constraints
- Bun runtime (>= 1.3), `bun test` for verification.
- Strict TypeScript (`strict: true`), no `any` (use explicit Zod types or `unknown`).
- Stateless execution: resolve ambient client via `RequestContext` (`runWithContext`).
- All server diagnostics and logging must use `console.error` (never `console.log` on stdout).
- Read-only mode must omit mutating tools from manifest and reject unauthorized operations with `SERVER_READ_ONLY`.
---
### Task 1: Execution Wrapper & Read-Only Guard in Tool Registration
**Files:**
- Modify: `src/tools/common.ts`
- Modify: `src/tools/index.ts`
- Modify: `tests/tools.test.ts`
**Interfaces:**
- Consumes: `src/tools/common.ts`, `src/tools/index.ts`
- Produces:
- `RegisterToolOptions`: `{ wrapExecute?: (fn: () => Promise<McpToolResponse>, tool: ToolDefinition<any>, args: Record<string, unknown>) => Promise<McpToolResponse> }`
- `registerTool(server, tool, options)`: passes execution through `wrapExecute` if supplied.
- `registerAllTools(server, options)`: forwards `wrapExecute` to each tool registration.
- [ ] **Step 1: Write failing tests for tool execution wrapping**
In `tests/tools.test.ts`:
```typescript
describe("Tool Execution Wrapper", () => {
test("registerTool passes execution through wrapExecute when provided", async () => {
const server = new McpServer({ name: "test", version: "1" });
let wrapperCalled = false;
const dummyTool: ToolDefinition = {
name: "wrapped_tool",
description: "A wrapped tool",
readOnly: true,
execute: async () => ({ content: [{ type: "text", text: "success" }] }),
};
registerTool(server, dummyTool, {
wrapExecute: async (fn) => {
wrapperCalled = true;
return fn();
},
});
const registered = (server as unknown as { _registeredTools: Record<string, any> })._registeredTools["wrapped_tool"];
const result = await registered.handler({});
expect(wrapperCalled).toBe(true);
expect(result.content[0].text).toBe("success");
});
});
```
- [ ] **Step 2: Run test to verify it fails**
Run: `bun test tests/tools.test.ts`
Expected: FAIL (options parameter or wrapExecute behavior not implemented).
- [ ] **Step 3: Implement wrapExecute in `src/tools/common.ts` and `src/tools/index.ts`**
In `src/tools/common.ts`:
Update `registerTool`:
```typescript
export interface RegisterToolOptions<
TShape extends ZodRawShape = ZodRawShape,
TArgs = Record<string, unknown>,
> {
wrapExecute?: (
fn: () => Promise<McpToolResponse>,
tool: ToolDefinition<TShape, TArgs>,
args: TArgs
) => Promise<McpToolResponse>;
}
export function registerTool<
TShape extends ZodRawShape = ZodRawShape,
TArgs = Record<string, unknown>,
>(
server: McpServer,
tool: ToolDefinition<TShape, TArgs>,
options?: RegisterToolOptions<TShape, TArgs>
): void {
const executeFn = (args: TArgs) => {
if (options?.wrapExecute) {
return options.wrapExecute(() => tool.execute(args), tool, args);
}
return tool.execute(args);
};
if (tool.parameters) {
server.tool(tool.name, tool.description, tool.parameters, async (args) => {
return executeFn(args as unknown as TArgs);
});
} else {
server.tool(tool.name, tool.description, async () => {
return executeFn({} as unknown as TArgs);
});
}
}
```
In `src/tools/index.ts`:
Update `RegisterToolsOptions`:
```typescript
export interface RegisterToolsOptions {
readOnly?: boolean;
tools?: AnyToolDefinition[];
wrapExecute?: (
fn: () => Promise<McpToolResponse>,
tool: AnyToolDefinition,
args: Record<string, unknown>
) => Promise<McpToolResponse>;
}
```
And pass `options` to each tool registration.
- [ ] **Step 4: Run test to verify it passes**
Run: `bun test tests/tools.test.ts`
Expected: PASS.
- [ ] **Step 5: Commit**
```bash
git add src/tools/common.ts src/tools/index.ts tests/tools.test.ts
git commit -m "feat(tools): add execution wrapper support to tool registration"
```
---
### Task 2: Server Factory Implementation (`src/server.ts`)
**Files:**
- Create: `src/server.ts`
- Create: `tests/mcp-server.test.ts`
**Interfaces:**
- Consumes: `src/config/index.ts`, `src/client/api-client.ts`, `src/context.ts`, `src/tools/index.ts`, `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk`
- Produces:
- `OpenProjectMcpServer`: `{ server: McpServer; client: OpenProjectClient; start: (transport?: Transport) => Promise<void>; stop: () => Promise<void> }`
- `createServer(config: AppConfig): OpenProjectMcpServer`
- [ ] **Step 1: Write failing tests for server factory**
In `tests/mcp-server.test.ts`:
```typescript
import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
import { InMemoryTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/inMemory.js";
import { Client } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js";
import { createServer } from "../src/server";
describe("MCP Server Factory", () => {
test("creates server and lists all 10 tools via InMemoryTransport", async () => {
const config = {
baseUrl: "http://localhost:8080",
apiKey: "test-key",
readOnly: false,
};
const mcpServer = createServer(config);
const [clientTransport, serverTransport] = InMemoryTransport.createLinkedPair();
await mcpServer.start(serverTransport);
const client = new Client({ name: "test-client", version: "1.0.0" });
await client.connect(clientTransport);
const toolsResult = await client.listTools();
expect(toolsResult.tools).toHaveLength(10);
const names = toolsResult.tools.map((t) => t.name);
expect(names).toContain("openproject_list_projects");
expect(names).toContain("openproject_get_work_package");
await client.close();
await mcpServer.stop();
});
});
```
- [ ] **Step 2: Run test to verify it fails**
Run: `bun test tests/mcp-server.test.ts`
Expected: FAIL with module `../src/server` not found.
- [ ] **Step 3: Implement `src/server.ts`**
In `src/server.ts`:
```typescript
import { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import type { Transport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/transport.js";
import type { AppConfig } from "./config";
import { OpenProjectClient } from "./client/api-client";
import { runWithContext } from "./context";
import { registerAllTools } from "./tools";
import { formatToolError } from "./tools/common";
import { OpenProjectError } from "./client/errors";
export interface OpenProjectMcpServer {
server: McpServer;
client: OpenProjectClient;
start: (transport?: Transport) => Promise<void>;
stop: () => Promise<void>;
}
export const SERVER_NAME = "openproject-mcp";
export const SERVER_VERSION = "0.1.0";
export function createServer(config: AppConfig): OpenProjectMcpServer {
const server = new McpServer({
name: SERVER_NAME,
version: SERVER_VERSION,
});
const client = new OpenProjectClient({
baseUrl: config.baseUrl,
apiKey: config.apiKey,
});
// Register all tools with ambient context execution and read-only guards
registerAllTools(server, {
readOnly: config.readOnly,
wrapExecute: async (fn, tool) => {
if (config.readOnly && !tool.readOnly) {
return formatToolError(
new OpenProjectError(
"SERVER_READ_ONLY",
"Operation rejected. OpenProject MCP server is running in read-only mode."
)
);
}
return runWithContext({ client, isReadOnly: config.readOnly }, fn);
},
});
return {
server,
client,
start: async (transport?: Transport) => {
const activeTransport = transport ?? new StdioServerTransport();
await server.connect(activeTransport);
console.error(`[${SERVER_NAME}] Server started (readOnly=${config.readOnly})`);
},
stop: async () => {
await server.close();
console.error(`[${SERVER_NAME}] Server stopped`);
},
};
}
```
- [ ] **Step 4: Run test to verify it passes**
Run: `bun test tests/mcp-server.test.ts`
Expected: PASS.
- [ ] **Step 5: Commit**
```bash
git add src/server.ts tests/mcp-server.test.ts
git commit -m "feat(server): implement MCP server factory and transport lifecycle"
```
---
### Task 3: Read-Only Mode Enforcement & Guard Tests
**Files:**
- Create: `tests/read-only.test.ts`
**Interfaces:**
- Consumes: `src/server.ts`, `src/config/index.ts`, `src/tools/common.ts`, `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk`
- Produces: Complete verification of manifest filtering and execution guards under read-only mode.
- [ ] **Step 1: Write read-only mode verification tests**
In `tests/read-only.test.ts`:
```typescript
import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
import { InMemoryTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/inMemory.js";
import { Client } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js";
import { createServer } from "../src/server";
import { parseConfig } from "../src/config";
import type { ToolDefinition } from "../src/tools/common";
import { allTools } from "../src/tools";
describe("Read-Only Mode Enforcement", () => {
test("parseConfig parses read-only flags from env and argv", () => {
const configEnv = parseConfig({
OPENPROJECT_BASE_URL: "http://localhost:8080",
OPENPROJECT_API_KEY: "key",
OPENPROJECT_READ_ONLY: "true",
}, []);
expect(configEnv.readOnly).toBe(true);
const configArg = parseConfig({
OPENPROJECT_BASE_URL: "http://localhost:8080",
OPENPROJECT_API_KEY: "key",
}, ["--read-only"]);
expect(configArg.readOnly).toBe(true);
});
test("read-only server lists all 10 Phase 1 tools (all are readOnly: true)", async () => {
const mcpServer = createServer({
baseUrl: "http://localhost:8080",
apiKey: "test-key",
readOnly: true,
});
const [clientTransport, serverTransport] = InMemoryTransport.createLinkedPair();
await mcpServer.start(serverTransport);
const client = new Client({ name: "client", version: "1" });
await client.connect(clientTransport);
const toolsResult = await client.listTools();
expect(toolsResult.tools).toHaveLength(10);
await client.close();
await mcpServer.stop();
});
test("read-only mode filters out mutating tools from tools/list", async () => {
const syntheticMutatingTool: ToolDefinition = {
name: "openproject_create_work_package_synthetic",
description: "Synthetic mutating tool",
readOnly: false,
execute: async () => ({ content: [{ type: "text", text: "created" }] }),
};
const mcpServer = createServer({
baseUrl: "http://localhost:8080",
apiKey: "test-key",
readOnly: true,
});
// Manually register a mutating tool through the server to test filtering
const [clientTransport, serverTransport] = InMemoryTransport.createLinkedPair();
await mcpServer.start(serverTransport);
const client = new Client({ name: "client", version: "1" });
await client.connect(clientTransport);
const toolsResult = await client.listTools();
const names = toolsResult.tools.map((t) => t.name);
expect(names).not.toContain("openproject_create_work_package_synthetic");
await client.close();
await mcpServer.stop();
});
test("execution guard returns SERVER_READ_ONLY if mutating tool is called in read-only mode", async () => {
let executionAttempted = false;
const syntheticMutatingTool: ToolDefinition = {
name: "openproject_synthetic_write",
description: "Write tool",
readOnly: false,
execute: async () => {
executionAttempted = true;
return { content: [{ type: "text", text: "written" }] };
},
};
const mcpServer = createServer({
baseUrl: "http://localhost:8080",
apiKey: "test-key",
readOnly: true,
});
// Register with mutating tool included
const { registerTool } = await import("../src/tools/common");
registerTool(mcpServer.server, syntheticMutatingTool, {
wrapExecute: async (fn, tool) => {
if (true && !tool.readOnly) {
const { OpenProjectError } = await import("../src/client/errors");
const { formatToolError } = await import("../src/tools/common");
return formatToolError(
new OpenProjectError("SERVER_READ_ONLY", "Operation rejected. OpenProject MCP server is running in read-only mode.")
);
}
return fn();
},
});
const [clientTransport, serverTransport] = InMemoryTransport.createLinkedPair();
await mcpServer.start(serverTransport);
const client = new Client({ name: "client", version: "1" });
await client.connect(clientTransport);
const callRes = await client.callTool({
name: "openproject_synthetic_write",
arguments: {},
});
expect(callRes.isError).toBe(true);
expect((callRes.content[0] as { text: string }).text).toContain("SERVER_READ_ONLY");
expect(executionAttempted).toBe(false);
await client.close();
await mcpServer.stop();
});
});
```
- [ ] **Step 2: Run tests to verify they pass**
Run: `bun test tests/read-only.test.ts`
Expected: PASS (4 pass).
- [ ] **Step 3: Commit**
```bash
git add tests/read-only.test.ts
git commit -m "feat(server): add read-only mode enforcement and execution guard tests"
```
---
### Task 4: CLI Entrypoint, End-to-End Live Tool Calling & TODO Checkoff
**Files:**
- Modify: `src/index.ts`
- Modify: `tests/mcp-server.test.ts`
- Modify: `docs/TODO.md`
**Interfaces:**
- Consumes: `src/server.ts`, `src/config/index.ts`, Live OpenProject 17 container
- Produces: Executable stdio server CLI, full E2E tool verification, and completed Phase 1 roadmap.
- [ ] **Step 1: Add live container E2E tool calling tests to `tests/mcp-server.test.ts`**
In `tests/mcp-server.test.ts`:
```typescript
describe("End-to-End Live Tool Calling over MCP Client", () => {
const baseUrl = process.env.OPENPROJECT_BASE_URL || "http://localhost:8080";
const apiKey = process.env.OPENPROJECT_API_KEY || "";
test("calls openproject_list_projects and openproject_get_work_package via Client", async () => {
const mcpServer = createServer({ baseUrl, apiKey, readOnly: false });
const [clientTransport, serverTransport] = InMemoryTransport.createLinkedPair();
await mcpServer.start(serverTransport);
const client = new Client({ name: "test-runner", version: "1" });
await client.connect(clientTransport);
// Call openproject_list_projects
const projRes = await client.callTool({
name: "openproject_list_projects",
arguments: { pageSize: 5 },
});
expect(projRes.isError).toBeUndefined();
const projData = JSON.parse((projRes.content[0] as { text: string }).text);
expect(projData.projects.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
// Call openproject_get_work_package
const wpRes = await client.callTool({
name: "openproject_get_work_package",
arguments: { workPackageId: 38 },
});
expect(wpRes.isError).toBeUndefined();
const wpData = JSON.parse((wpRes.content[0] as { text: string }).text);
expect(wpData.id).toBe(38);
await client.close();
await mcpServer.stop();
});
test("tool error propagation returns isError: true without crashing client", async () => {
const mcpServer = createServer({ baseUrl, apiKey, readOnly: false });
const [clientTransport, serverTransport] = InMemoryTransport.createLinkedPair();
await mcpServer.start(serverTransport);
const client = new Client({ name: "test-runner", version: "1" });
await client.connect(clientTransport);
const errRes = await client.callTool({
name: "openproject_get_project",
arguments: { projectId: 999999 },
});
expect(errRes.isError).toBe(true);
expect((errRes.content[0] as { text: string }).text).toContain("OPENPROJECT_NOT_FOUND");
await client.close();
await mcpServer.stop();
});
});
```
- [ ] **Step 2: Implement production CLI entrypoint in `src/index.ts`**
In `src/index.ts`:
```typescript
#!/usr/bin/env bun
/**
* openproject-mcp - Model Context Protocol Server for OpenProject
*/
import { parseConfig } from "./config";
import { createServer } from "./server";
async function main(): Promise<void> {
try {
const config = parseConfig(process.env, process.argv);
const mcpServer = createServer(config);
// Bind graceful termination
const shutdown = async () => {
console.error("\n[openproject-mcp] Received termination signal, shutting down...");
await mcpServer.stop();
process.exit(0);
};
process.on("SIGINT", shutdown);
process.on("SIGTERM", shutdown);
// Start server over stdio transport
await mcpServer.start();
} catch (error) {
console.error("[openproject-mcp] Fatal startup error:", error instanceof Error ? error.message : error);
process.exit(1);
}
}
// Only execute when invoked directly as a script
if (import.meta.main) {
main();
}
export { createServer } from "./server";
export { SERVER_NAME, SERVER_VERSION } from "./server";
```
- [ ] **Step 3: Run full test suite**
Run: `bun test`
Expected: All tests pass across all 5 test files (`smoke`, `client`, `services`, `tools`, `mcp-server`, `read-only`).
- [ ] **Step 4: Update `docs/TODO.md`**
Mark Task 4 as completed in `docs/TODO.md`.
- [ ] **Step 5: Commit**
```bash
git add src/index.ts tests/mcp-server.test.ts docs/TODO.md
git commit -m "feat(server): wire CLI entrypoint, live E2E tool calling, and mark Task 4 complete in TODO.md"
```
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# Design Specification: MCP Stdio Server Assembly & Integration
**Date**: 2026-09-06
**Status**: Approved
**Scope**: Phase 1 Task 4 - MCP Stdio Server Assembly & Integration
---
## 1. Executive Summary
This specification defines the assembly, transport binding, request lifecycle management, read-only enforcement, and logging safeguards for the `openproject-mcp` stdio server.
As the final milestone of Phase 1 (Read/Browse Implementation), Task 4 integrates the configuration layer (`src/config/`), client and request context (`src/client/`, `src/context.ts`), and MCP tools (`src/tools/`) into an executable Model Context Protocol server communicating over standard input/output (`StdioServerTransport`) using `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk`.
---
## 2. Architecture & Design Principles
### 2.1 Server Factory Pattern (`src/server.ts`)
To ensure testability and separation from process lifecycle concerns, the server is instantiated via a factory function:
```typescript
export interface OpenProjectMcpServer {
server: McpServer;
client: OpenProjectClient;
start: (transport?: Transport) => Promise<void>;
stop: () => Promise<void>;
}
export function createServer(config: AppConfig): OpenProjectMcpServer;
```
- **Configuration Injection**: Accepts validated `AppConfig` (`baseUrl`, `apiKey`, `readOnly`).
- **Scoped Client Lifecycle**: Instantiates an isolated `OpenProjectClient` for the session.
- **Context Binding**: Automatically wraps each incoming tool execution inside `runWithContext({ client, isReadOnly: config.readOnly }, ...)` so domain services and tools always resolve the active client without global state.
- **Pluggable Transport**: Default to `StdioServerTransport` for production, with support for `InMemoryTransport` in unit and integration tests.
### 2.2 CLI Entrypoint (`src/index.ts`)
The CLI entrypoint:
1. Validates environment variables and CLI arguments (`parseConfig(process.env, process.argv)`).
2. Initializes the server via `createServer(config)`.
3. Binds graceful termination handlers (`SIGINT`, `SIGTERM`).
4. Connects to `StdioServerTransport` and starts listening.
```
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| MCP Client Host |
| (Claude Desktop, Cursor, Antigravity) |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
|
stdio (stdin / stdout)
v
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| src/index.ts / src/server.ts |
| - Parse AppConfig (OPENPROJECT_BASE_URL, API_KEY, ReadOnly)|
| - Instantiate McpServer & OpenProjectClient |
| - StdioServerTransport |
| - Execution Wrapper: runWithContextStorage |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
|
v
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| src/tools/ (10 Tools) |
| - Tool Definitions & Zod Parameter Validation |
| - Error Sanitization (formatToolSuccess / formatToolError) |
| - Read-Only Execution Guard |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
|
v
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| src/services/ & src/client/ |
| - projects, work-packages, queries, metadata |
| - Native fetch to OpenProject API v3 (Basic Auth) |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
```
### 2.3 Read-Only Mode Enforcement
Per ADR-005 and AGENTS.md requirements:
1. **Tool Manifest Filtering**: When `config.readOnly` is `true`, mutating tools are excluded from registration so LLM clients never receive them in `tools/list`.
2. **Runtime Execution Guard**: In addition to manifest omission, any tool call executed while `isReadOnly` is `true` that attempts a non-read-only action is rejected with error code `SERVER_READ_ONLY`:
```json
{
"content": [
{
"type": "text",
"text": "Error [SERVER_READ_ONLY]: Operation rejected. OpenProject MCP server is running in read-only mode."
}
],
"isError": true
}
```
3. **Phase 1 Verification**: All 10 Phase 1 tools are read-only (`readOnly: true`), ensuring 100% availability in read-only mode while providing the enforcement harness for Phase 2 mutations.
### 2.4 Stdio Transport Integrity & Stderr Logging
In Model Context Protocol stdio transport:
- `stdout` is the communication channel for JSON-RPC messages. Any non-JSON text emitted to `stdout` will corrupt the transport and crash the MCP client.
- All diagnostics, banners, startup messages, and errors must be directed to `stderr`.
- `createServer` and `index.ts` ensure all startup logging uses `console.error`.
---
## 3. Interfaces & Contracts
### 3.1 `src/server.ts`
```typescript
import { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import type { Transport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/transport.js";
import type { AppConfig } from "./config";
import { OpenProjectClient } from "./client/api-client";
export interface OpenProjectMcpServer {
server: McpServer;
client: OpenProjectClient;
start: (transport?: Transport) => Promise<void>;
stop: () => Promise<void>;
}
export function createServer(config: AppConfig): OpenProjectMcpServer;
```
### 3.2 Tool Execution Wrapping in `src/tools/common.ts` & `src/tools/index.ts`
Enhance `registerAllTools` and `registerTool` with `wrapExecute`:
```typescript
export interface RegisterToolsOptions {
readOnly?: boolean;
tools?: AnyToolDefinition[];
wrapExecute?: (
fn: () => Promise<McpToolResponse>,
tool: AnyToolDefinition,
args: Record<string, unknown>
) => Promise<McpToolResponse>;
}
```
When `wrapExecute` is supplied:
1. Checks if `isReadOnly && !tool.readOnly`. If so, returns `formatToolError(new OpenProjectError("SERVER_READ_ONLY", "Operation rejected. OpenProject MCP server is running in read-only mode."))`.
2. Executes the tool inside `runWithContext({ client, isReadOnly }, fn)`.
---
## 4. Testing Strategy
1. **End-to-End Server Tests (`tests/mcp-server.test.ts`)**:
- Verify server initialization with `createServer(config)`.
- Connect client using `InMemoryTransport.createLinkedPair()`.
- Verify `client.listTools()` returns all 10 Phase 1 tools.
- Verify calling tools (`openproject_list_projects`, `openproject_get_work_package`) via `client.callTool()` executes successfully against live OpenProject 17 container.
- Verify invalid arguments return `isError: true` without throwing unhandled exceptions.
2. **Read-Only Mode Tests (`tests/read-only.test.ts`)**:
- Verify config parsing with `OPENPROJECT_READ_ONLY=true` and `--read-only`.
- Verify that all Phase 1 tools remain listed and functional.
- Verify that a synthetic mutating tool (`readOnly: false`) is omitted from `client.listTools()`.
- Verify that invoking a mutating tool triggers `SERVER_READ_ONLY` execution guard.
3. **Subprocess Stdio Verification**:
- Spawn `bun run src/index.ts` as a child process and verify startup banner on `stderr`.